Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary materials used in sanitary napkins.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most critical component of a sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Wood Pulp

Wood pulp is a natural material derived from trees. It is highly absorbent and provides the bulk of the absorbent core. The fibers in wood pulp create a network that traps liquid, preventing leakage.

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAPs are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are often used in conjunction with wood pulp to enhance the absorbency of the core. SAPs are crucial for maintaining dryness and comfort.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. These fabrics are made from synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyester. They are engineered to be soft, breathable, and capable of quickly wicking moisture away from the skin.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary napkin, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against external moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is a common material used for the back sheet. It is a lightweight, flexible, and waterproof material that effectively prevents leaks. The film is often perforated to allow air circulation, enhancing comfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary napkin in place within the underwear.

### Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are typically used for this purpose. They are designed to stick firmly to fabric without causing damage or leaving residue. These adhesives provide a secure fit, ensuring the napkin stays in place during use.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before the napkin is used.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper is commonly used as release paper. It is designed to be easily removable, allowing the adhesive to be exposed when the napkin is ready for use.

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary napkins involves a combination of natural and synthetic materials, each chosen for its specific properties and functionality. From the absorbent core to the top sheet and back sheet, each component plays a vital role in ensuring the effectiveness, comfort, and safety of the product. Understanding these materials helps in making informed choices and appreciating the engineering behind everyday personal care products.